Inlays and onlays are indirect tooth restorations, and they are created outside your mouth in a lab. Inlays and onlays fill large cavities that can’t be resolved with a single filling.
About the procedure
Inlays can be moulded and placed on the chewing surface to repair or replace a tooth with damaged enamel. These are made using an imprint of the affected areas that is sent to a laboratory for manufacturing. An inlay fits perfectly into the tooth’s hollow, but does not affect the cusps. The dentist will also try to match the tooth’s colour as closely as possible when taking an impression. When inlays are placed inside the mouth, they will not be noticeable. An inlay is made from porcelain or composite material. These are more robust and durable fillings than the traditional ones. Inlays are generally more costly but last longer. This option is used by dentists when a filling does not adequately strengthen the surrounding teeth or when the tooth concerned requires strong materials.
Onlays can be used to treat decay or damage to the cusps and biting surfaces of teeth. An onlay is used when the cavity is too large to be filled with standard fillings or when the tooth can crack from weakness. An onlay will strengthen the tooth and protect the decaying area. This area, unlike an inlay, can also include the cusps and interstices. After drilling out the tooth and cleaning it up, the dentist will apply a numbing agent to the mouth. The impression is then sent to the manufacturer for a permanent onlay. A temporary onlay is placed over the cavity. When it arrives, it is placed in the mouth. An onlay preserves the tooth structure, while a crown may require some filing or even removal of cusps. They can also be made from porcelain or a combination of materials. Onlays can also be called “partial crowns” because they perform a similar function but only cover a part of the tooth.
Who qualifies for the procedure?
Your dentist will examine your mouth and determine if you are eligible for a dental onlay or inlay. If you have severe tooth decay or a damaged tooth unrepairable with a filling, your dentist will recommend an inlay or onlay. Dental inlays and onlays, if fitted correctly and promptly, can save your tooth and prevent the need for additional dental procedures. To know more, you can consult a dental doctor or visit a dental clinic in Hyderabad. Request an appointment at Apollo Dental, Hyderabad. Call 18001020288 to book an appointment.
Why is the procedure conducted?
Inlays and dental onlays are required to treat damaged rear teeth that have not been severely damaged enough to need crowns. When the damage to the teeth is minor or even significant, these oral health restorations can fix them. In some instances, inlays and onlays may be used instead of a cavity filling.
How is the procedure conducted?
Step 1 – Cavity filling removal (if required)
Inlays and onlays can often replace damaged or fractured cavity fillings.
Your dentist will remove any existing fillings in your tooth before placing them. A “hollowed out cavity” is created when any cavitated tooth tissue has been removed.
Your dentist will then prepare and shape your tooth to make it easier to place the inlay/onlay.
Step 2 – Impression (inlay/onlay) of the tooth
A mould of the damaged or cavitated tooth is taken during the first visit. This mould will help you and your dentist choose the suitable material for your inlay or onlay. It can be either gold, ceramic, composite, or a combination of both. You will also decide the colour of the restoration, if ceramic is selected.
Step 3 – Temporary filling
A temporary filling is applied to the cavity while the inlay/onlay is prepared. It prevents further decay and protects the tooth against thermal stimulation (sensitivity to cold or hot liquids).
Step 4 – Onlay/inlay placement
Once the restoration has been completed, your dentist will schedule another appointment to place the inlay/onlay.
Your dentist will apply a local anaesthetic to your mouth (only if necessary) to ease pain and improve comfort. After the temporary filling material has been removed from the cavity, the inlay/onlay is cemented into the tooth.
Dentists can often remove the temporary filling, and the inlay/onlay is placed without any discomfort.
Inlay/Onlay Materials
Onlays and inlays can be made from gold, ceramic, or composite materials.
Gold
Advantages
- Strong and malleable
- Less chance of fracture
- Stain-resistant
Ceramic (Porcelain)
Advantages
- Material that is strong and lasts
- Traditional fillings are less likely to crack than traditional ones
- Blends with your natural teeth colour
- Stain-resistant
Composite Resin
Advantages
- Restorations that are less expensive than gold
- Repairs made of composite resin are less malleable than those made from gold and porcelain.
- Stain-resistant
What are the different types of dental inlays and onlays?
There are two types of dental inlays and onlays: direct and indirect.
Direct onlays and inlays can be made at your dentist’s office. They are typically fitted in one appointment.
- Indirect inlays and onlays
Onlays and inlays can be made in a laboratory. The dentist will examine the tooth on the first day and send it to the laboratory to create the permanent inlay/onlay. The permanent inlay/onlay is then placed during the second appointment.
What are the benefits?
Onlays and inlays can be helpful as they preserve most of your natural teeth, making it easier to clean your teeth. Some fillings, such as traditional and composite fillings, may shrink over time. Onlays and inlays are highly durable and long-lasting. Inlays and onlays are resistant to staining and can last up to 30 years.
What are the complications?
Inlays and onlays are considered safe, with minimal side effects. Complications during or after the procedure are rare. These complications could include:
- Anaesthesia complications
- Allergies to inlays or onlays can be caused by the type of material used.
- Poorly-fitted or damaged inlays and onlays can worsen tooth decay.
- Extreme pain in the mouth
- Extreme heat/cold sensitivity
- Bleeding gums
- Injuries to the mouth structures, such as teeth, gums and tongue
Conclusion
Despite their excellent restoration abilities, inlays and onlays are under-utilized by dentists. While the procedure requires multiple patient visits and good laboratory support, the resulting restorations typically last for many years.
In patients who are allergic to or sensitive to other dental restoration materials, high noble alloys are preferred.
